Dry Eyes

Dry eyes occur when there is not enough moisture in the eye. Since the eye depends on the flow of tears for lubrication, cleansing and overall eye health, an inadequate amount of tears can result in pain, itching, redness, blurred vision, a gritty sensation or the feeling that there is something in the eye. When these symptoms persistently occur, a condition called dry eye syndrome is likely the culprit.

Dry eye syndrome can have a number of causes. First, dry eyes occur as a result of the normal aging process, especially during menopause. Dry eyes can also be a side effect of many medications, such as antihistamines, antidepressants, blood pressure medicines, Parkinson's disease medications and birth control pills. Long-term contact lens wear can dry out the eyes, as can living in a dry, dusty or windy climate. Rarely, autoimmune diseases, such as Sjogren's syndrome, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, can be to blame for dry eyes.

Treatment for dry eyes depends on the cause of the condition. Because of hormonal fluctuations, women are at greater risk of dry eye syndrome. In such cases, smoking can increase the risk, while increased consumption of omega-3 fatty acids can decrease it. Relief for dry eyes can come from lubricating eye drops or artificial tears, eyeglass wear on windy days, a different contact lens prescription, or a change of prescription medication. A procedure called punctal occlusion can insert plugs into the tear ducts to help conserve tears. Rarely, ductal surgery is required.

Dry eyes may disqualify candidates for LASIK or other eye surgery. Because dry eyes make it difficult for surgical wounds to heal, dry eye syndrome should be treated before any surgery is performed.

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Dry Eye Topics

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